by admin on September 24, 2012
Teenage smoking is a prominent social phenomenon which needs to be taken into consideration. Socialists have spent so much time figuring out the causes of this alarming situation. From my point of view, there are some main reasons leading to the increase in this bad habit among children.
First of all, many children immitate adults who have direct influence on them. In fact, they want to become adults and use cigarettes as a tool to prove themselves as grown-up. Moreover, some try to show off with their friends of the opposite sex. Others are even influenced by advertisements, including attractive performances of their idols and famous people. It is estimated that 4 out of 10 children are willing to do the same ways as their idols such as wearing styles, hobbies and even smoking.
Another remarkable reason is that kids easily follow their friends’ actions. Virtually, those who are unlucky to have bad friends will imitate such things their friends do or sometimes be allured to form bad habit like smoking. According to a recent survey, some kids have had terrible impressions on their minds by the threaten from their friends “Smoking or out of group”.
Finally, many teenagers suffer from their real life problems which causes themselves to addict. They feel bored with family issue such as conflicts between parents, lacks of parents’ care or divorce, etc. As a result, they turn into smoking as a way to cheer them up and get away from troubles. Adding to this, many students are unsatisfied with their marks at schools, and have arguments with their friends, some even lose their be lift in life. Hence, they regard smoking as a way to release from stress and escape from present life.
In conclusion, the environment around kids and their own thoughts result in their smoking. Parents should pay more attention to their children and give them right and timely orientations.
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by admin on September 16, 2012
Smoking cessation programs which are defined as the programs helping people cease cigarettes or using other tobacco products play an incredible role in making smokers live happier and bringing them to their nature. There are so many controversial issues raised about these special programs. However, in this essay, the writer only focuses on the popularity, the effectiveness and the cost of smoking cessation programs.
Firstly, it is indispensible to consideration the popularity of smoking cessation programs. Back to 1990s, the first smoking cessation program was performed in West Virginia by the Coalition for a Tobacco – Free – West Virginia and the American Lung Association. With the initial aim of reducing teen smoking, the program was developed into Not On Tobacco – an innovative quit-smoking program for teenagers. And the result was about one of every six partakers could give up smoking. Subsequently, Spanish also applied that form of smoking cessation program and then gained satisfactory results. Next, Canada started using these programs as a main tool to lessen smoking addiction. Up to now, smoking cessation programs have been widespread. Every country has been carrying out these programs with a longing for eliminating tobacco from society. Vietnam is no exception. The Government legislated the compulsory display of warning messages on each package of cigarettes, prohibited smoking in public places and workplaces. These smoking cessation programs have been so popular that they have engraved deeply in people’s awareness.
Secondly, smoking cessation programs are very effective. According to the recent study of WHO, smoking termination bears 1.2 years extra life. When participating these programs, people are suggested to use nicotine alternative therapy products such as chewing gum, nicotine patches or smoking cessation drugs. This prescription can withdraw the symptoms and decreases people’s desire to smoke. As a result, smoking cessation programs reduces the risk of lung cancer, heart failure and other smoking-related diseases. Surprisingly, one who suffers from lung cancer can engage in these programs to lengthen their life. As it is proved that tobacco cessation is linked with the decreased morality and raised life quality, even at the very late stage of lung cancer.
Finally, it is about the cost of tobacco cessation programs. Some people dare not join in these programs due to the fee of cigarette termination services. It is estimated that people will have to pay $6204 for smoking cessation provision per successful quit. Besides, it costs $9580 for cessation services and mental health care per life year. In fact, poor people find it hard to afford such a bid sum of money. However, making comparison with the cost people have to pay for packages of cigarettes they consume during their life, the environmental improvement fee, their lung cancer operation cost as well as others’ disease cure that they unintentionally brought about, $9580 per life is very reasonable. On average, addicts smoke 10 cigarettes per day (3650 cigarettes/year). Obviously, the money they spend for tobacco is much more than for a year life.
In short, the cessation programs are very efficient in prolonging smokers’ life expectation and reducing their pains. Addicts should be encouraged to take part in these programs to get the satisfaction results. Let’s quit smoking to live healthier.
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by admin on September 11, 2012
We know more and more these days about the effects of cigarette smoking on pregnancy. For instance did you know that cigarette smoke contains 2000 components? Some of the most harmful for pregnant women and their babies is thought to be nicotine, carbon monoxide and cyanide. These substances have been found to cross the placenta and reach the baby. One of the most concerning effects of smoking during pregnancy is that the baby’s growth is restricted. A baby of a woman who smokes weighs on average 170 to 200 grams lighter. The more a woman smokes the greater the weight reduction. Having a smaller baby is not a positive thing. A smaller baby does not mean that the birth will be easier. The reason babies are smaller is that cigarette smoking restricts blood vessels therefore reducing the amount of nutrients and oxygen reaching the baby. This leads to a lower birth weight and a baby more prone to becoming ill after birth.
Research has found that potential effects of smoking during pregnancy include an increased chance of genetic abnormalities. There has been associations made between pregnant women smoking and increased chance of cleft lip, cleft palate, problems with bowel, eyes, ears and spinal cord. There are also increased abnormalities found with the placentas. The effects of smoking go beyond the birth. There have been links made between women smoking during pregnancy and their children developing respiratory problems, such as asthma, later in childhood.
The health benefits for stopping smoking are immense, this particularly true for pregnant women. Women need support to stop smoking from their families and from health professionals.
Study subjects were 2015 children, age three years. Information on maternal smoking during pregnancy and postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke at home was obtained through questionnaires. Children were classified as having caries if 1 or more of the deciduous teeth had decayed, were missing, or had been filled.
Compared with nonsmoking during pregnancy, maternal smoking throughout pregnancy, but not ceasing to smoke at some time during pregnancy, was associated with an increased prevalence of caries. Regarding postnatal environmental tobacco smoke, current but not former environmental tobacco smoke exposure at home was independently positively associated with the prevalence of dental caries. A dose-response relationship was observed between cumulative postnatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure at home and dental caries.
According to some studies, women smoking menopause are earlier than women who do not smoke an average of 1.74 years. The researchers said that may be due to several reasons: First, nicotine effects on the central nervous system in some way affect the secretion of hormones associated with menopause. Monday is some substance in tobacco affects the liver to release the hormone estrogen increase decomposition. Mechanisms occur in both women not addiction. Women treated with hormones estrogen replacement, smoking increases the rate of drug degradation. However, the experts do not recommend that people who smoke a higher dose to compensate. Other researchers found that smoking increases the activity of the adrenal gland. Then this line produces more male hormones for menopause early.
Alternative hypotheses about the causes of early menopause in smokers is due to the nature of tobacco called multi-ring aromatic hydrocarbons destroy the eggs in the ovaries, thus making early menopause. Smoking can increase the frequency of hot flushes is common in premenopausal women; this is especially true in lean women.
To sum up, both in uteri exposure to maternal smoking and postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke may be associated with an increased prevalence of dental caries in young children.
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